As far as I know, Machamp is almost always (if not always) better for raids and gym attacking. However, Hariyama is better for PvP due to its defensively-focused stats. Speficially in the Ultra League. Hariyama with counter and dynamic punch has about 158 neutral DPS in the Ultra League, compared to Machamp's 145. So I would highly recommend not powering it up in order to keep it below 2500.
Is Hariyama ever better than Machamp?
Is there a case where the after stat buff Hariyama would still do better than Machamp? I have a 95 IV one that I'd like to use (Below 2500 cp, wondering whether to power it up further)
Answers
Not really.
The stat changes weren't kind to Hariyama. Machamp is better in terms of DPS and TDO now. Its significantly higher Stamina stat does still mean he has the advantage over Machamp as a gym defender, but neither are good in that regard.
Hariyama is still usable, but it's tough to recommend powering one up over a Machamp.
Prior to the rebalance, there were cases, generally when the oppoent his very hard (things like Hyper beam snorlax and fire blast tyranitar I believe) cases where a haryama would survive, but machamp wouldn't.
I believe following the rebalance, machamp beats haryama in every match up, or close to it.
Luckies were introduced for this exact situation. Things that are pretty good/ useful but not supreme. I took an unlucky shiny Hariyama (12a/15/15) from level 9 to level 30...otherwise wouldn't do anything but trade low IVs level 33 to 35 trying for a lucky, after that would put at most 5k to 10k stardust into it.
If anything, the buff pushed Hariyama closer to obsolete status. Hariyama's claim over Machamp was its higher TDO that proved useful when you needed to keep from whiting out. Thanks to Machamp gaining more bulk in the rebalance it's able to score equal or higher TDO than Hariyama depending on the situation.
I don't know how it fares in PvP compared to Machamp as I haven't used either of them.